Structural Engineering:

Engineering Mechanics: System of forces, free-body diagrams, equilibrium equations; Internal forces in structures; Frictions and its applications; Centre of mass; Free Vibrations of undamped SDOF system.

Solid Mechanics: Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams; Simple stress and strain relationships; Simple bending theory, flexural and shear stresses, shear centre; Uniform torsion, Transformation of stress; buckling of column, combined and direct bending stresses.

Structural Analysis: Statically determinate and indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods; Method of superposition; Analysis of trusses, arches, beams, cables and frames;

Displacement methods: Slope deflection and moment distribution methods; Influence lines; Stiffness and flexibility methods of structural analysis.

Construction Materials and Management: Construction Materials: Structural Steel – Composition, material properties and behaviour; Concrete – Constituents, mix design, short-term and long-term properties.

Construction Management: Types of construction projects; Project planning and network analysis – PERT and CPM; Cost estimation.

Concrete Structures: Working stress and Limit state design concepts; Design of beams, slabs, columns; Bond and development length; Prestressed concrete beams.

Steel Structures: Working stress and Limit state design concepts; Design of tension and compression members, beams and beam- columns, column bases; Connections – simple and eccentric, beamcolumn connections, plate girders and trusses; Concept of plastic analysis – beams and frames.

Geotechnical Engineering:

Soil Mechanics: Three-phase system and phase relationships, index properties; Unified and Indian standard soil classification system; Permeability – one dimensional flow, Seepage through soils – two – dimensional flow, flow nets, uplift pressure, piping, capillarity, seepage force; Principle of effective stress and quicksand condition; Compaction of soils; One- dimensional consolidation, time rate of consolidation; Shear Strength, Mohr’s circle, effective and total shear strength parameters, StressStrain characteristics of clays and sand; Stress paths.

Foundation Engineering: Sub-surface investigations – Drilling bore holes, sampling, plate load test, standard penetration and cone penetration tests; Earth pressure theories – Rankine and Coulomb; Stability of slopes –Finite and infinite slopes, Bishop’s method; Stress distribution in soils – Boussinesq’s theory; Pressure bulbs, Shallow foundations – Terzaghi’s and Meyerhoff’s bearing capacity theories, effect of water table; Combined footing and raft foundation; Contact pressure; Settlement analysis in sands and clays; Deep foundations – dynamic and static formulae, Axial load capacity of piles in sands and clays, pile load test, pile under lateral loading, pile group efficiency, negative skin friction.

Water Resources Engineering:

Fluid Mechanics: Properties of fluids, fluid statics; Continuity, momentum and energy equations and their applications; Potential flow, Laminar and turbulent flow; Flow in pipes, pipe networks; Concept of boundary layer and its growth; Concept of lift and drag.

Hydraulics: Forces on immersed bodies; Flow measurement in channels and pipes; Dimensional analysis and hydraulic similitude; Channel Hydraulics – Energy-depth relationships, specific energy, critical flow, hydraulic jump, uniform flow, gradually varied flow and water surface profiles.

Hydrology: Hydrologic cycle, precipitation, evaporation, evapo-transpiration, watershed, infiltration, unit hydrographs, hydrograph analysis, reservoir capacity, flood estimation and routing, surface runoff models, groundwater hydrology – steady state well hydraulics and aquifers; Application of Darcy’s Law.

Irrigation: Types of irrigation systems and methods; Crop water requirements – Duty, delta, evapotranspiration; Gravity Dams and Spillways; Lined and unlined canals, Design of weirs on permeable foundation; cross drainage structures

Environmental Engineering:

Water and Waste Water Quality and Treatment: Basics of water quality standards – Physical, chemical and biological parameters; Water quality index; Unit processes and operations; Water requirement; Water distribution system; Drinking water treatment.

Sewerage system design, quantity of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary treatment. Effluent discharge standards; Sludge disposal; Reuse of treated sewage for different applications.

Air Pollution: Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air pollution control, air quality standards, Air quality Index and limits.

Municipal Solid Wastes: Characteristics, generation, collection and transportation of solid wastes, engineered systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment and disposal).

Transportation Engineering:

Transportation Infrastructure: Geometric design of highways – cross-sectional elements, sight distances, horizontal and vertical alignments. Geometric design of railway Track – Speed and Cant, Concept of airport runway length, calculations and corrections; taxiway and exit taxiway design

Highway Pavements: Highway materials – desirable properties and tests; Desirable properties of bituminous paving mixes; Design factors for flexible and rigid pavements; Design of flexible and rigid pavement using IRC codes.

Traffic Engineering: Traffic studies on flow and speed, peak hour factor, accident study, statistical analysis of traffic data; Microscopic and macroscopic parameters of traffic flow, fundamental relationships; Traffic signs; Signal design by Webster’s method; Types of intersections; Highway capacity.

Geomatics Engineering:

Principles of surveying; Errors and their adjustment; Maps – scale, coordinate system; Distance and angle measurement – Levelling and trigonometric levelling; Traversing and triangulation survey; Total station; Horizontal and vertical curves.

Inorganic Chemistry

• Chemical periodicity, Structure and bonding in homo- and heteronuclear molecules, including shapes of molecules (VSEPR Theory).
• Concepts of acids and bases, Hard-Soft acid base concept, Non-aqueous solvents.
• Main group elements and their compounds: Allotropy, synthesis, structure and bonding, industrial importance of the compounds.
• Transition elements and coordination compounds: structure, bonding theories, spectral and magnetic properties, reaction mechanisms.
• Inner transition elements: spectral and magnetic properties, redox chemistry, analytical applications.
• Organometallic compounds: synthesis, bonding and structure, and reactivity. Organometallics in homogeneous catalysis. Cages and metal clusters.
• Analytical chemistry- separation, spectroscopic, electro- and thermoanalytical methods.
• Bioinorganic chemistry: photosystems, porphyrins, metalloenzymes, oxygen transport, electrontransfer reactions; nitrogen fixation, metal complexes in medicine.
• Characterisation of inorganic compounds by IR, Raman, NMR, EPR, Mössbauer, UV-vis, NQR, MS, electron spectroscopy and microscopic techniques.
• Nuclear chemistry: nuclear reactions, fission and fusion, radio-analytical techniques and activation analysis.

Physical Chemistry

• Basic principles of quantum mechanics: Postulates; operator algebra; exactly- solvable systems: particle-in-a-box, harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom, including shapes of atomic orbitals; orbital and spin angular momenta; tunneling.
• Approximate methods of quantum mechanics: Variational principle; perturbation theory up to second order in energy; applications.
• Atomic structure and spectroscopy; term symbols; many-electron systems and antisymmetry principle.
• Chemical bonding in diatomics; elementary concepts of MO and VB theories; Huckel theory for conjugated π-electron systems.
• Chemical applications of group theory; symmetry elements; point groups; character tables; selection rules.
• Molecular spectroscopy: Rotational and vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules; electronic spectra; IR and Raman activities – selection rules; basic principles of magnetic resonance.
• Chemical thermodynamics: Laws, state and path functions and their applications; thermodynamic description of various types of processes; Maxwell’s relations; spontaneity and equilibria; temperature and pressure dependence of thermodynamic quantities; Le Chatelier principle; elementary description of phase transitions; phase equilibria and phase rule; thermodynamics of ideal and non-ideal gases, and solutions.
• Statistical thermodynamics: Boltzmann distribution; kinetic theory of gases; partition functions and their relation to thermodynamic quantities – calculations for model systems.
• Electrochemistry: Nernst equation, redox systems, electrochemical cells; DebyeHuckel theory; electrolytic conductance – Kohlrausch’s law and its applications; ionic equilibria; conductometric and potentiometric titrations.
• Chemical kinetics: Empirical rate laws and temperature dependence; complex reactions; steady state approximation; determination of reaction mechanisms; collision and transition state theories of rate constants; unimolecular reactions; enzyme kinetics; salt effects; homogeneous catalysis; photochemical reactions.
• Colloids and surfaces: Stability and properties of colloids; isotherms and surface area; heterogeneous catalysis.
• Solid state: Crystal structures; Bragg’s law and applications; band structure of solids. Polymer chemistry: Molar masses; kinetics of polymerization.
• Data analysis: Mean and standard deviation; absolute and relative errors; linear regression; covariance and correlation coefficient.

Organic Chemistry

• IUPAC nomenclature of organic molecules including regio- and stereoisomers.
• Principles of stereochemistry: Configurational and conformational isomerism in acyclic and cyclic compounds; stereogenicity, stereoselectivity, enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity and asymmetric induction.
• Aromaticity: Benzenoid and non-benzenoid compounds – generation and reactions.
• Organic reactive intermediates: Generation, stability and reactivity of carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes and nitrenes.
• Organic reaction mechanisms involving addition, elimination and substitution reactions with electrophilic, nucleophilic or radical species. Determination of reaction pathways.
• Common named reactions and rearrangements – applications in organic synthesis.
• Organic transformations and reagents: Functional group interconversion including oxidations and reductions; common catalysts and reagents (organic, inorganic, organometallic and enzymatic). Chemo, regio and stereoselective transformations.
• Concepts in organic synthesis: Retrosynthesis, disconnection, synthons, linear and convergent synthesis, umpolung of reactivity and protecting groups.
• Asymmetric synthesis: Chiral auxiliaries, methods of asymmetric induction – substrate, reagent and catalyst controlled reactions; determination of enantiomeric and diastereomeric excess; enantiodiscrimination. Resolution – optical and kinetic.
• Pericyclic reactions – Electrocyclisation, cycloaddition, sigmatropic rearrangements and other related concerted reactions. Principles and applications of photochemical reactions in organic chemistry.
• Synthesis and reactivity of common heterocyclic compounds containing one or two hetero atoms (O, N, S).
• Chemistry of natural products: Carbohydrates, proteins and peptides, fatty acids, nucleic acids, terpenes, steroids and alkaloids. Biogenesis of terpenoids and alkaloids.
• Structure determination of organic compounds by IR, UV-Vis, 1H & 13C NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques.

Interdisciplinary topics

1. Chemistry in nanoscience and technology.
2. Catalysis and green chemistry.
3. Medicinal chemistry.
4. Supramolecular chemistry.
5. Environmental chemistry.

Digital Logic - Boolean algebra, Combinational and sequential circuits, Minimization, Number representations and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating-point).

Computer Organization and Architecture - Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU, data-path and control unit, Instruction pipelining, pipeline hazards Memory hierarchy: cache, main memory and secondary storage; I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode)

Programming and Data Structures - Programming in C, Recursion, Arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, binary search trees, binary, heaps, graphs.

Algorithms - Searching, sorting, hashing, Asymptotic worst-case time and space complexity, Algorithm design techniques: greedy, dynamic programming and divide-and-conquer, Graph traversals, minimum spanning trees, shortest paths.

Theory of Computation - Regular expressions and finite automata, Context-free grammars and push-down automata, Regular and contex-free languages, pumping lemma Turing machines and undecidability.

Compiler Design - Lexical analysis, parsing, syntax-directed translation, Runtime environments, Intermediate code generation, Local optimization, Data flow analyses: constant propagation, liveness analysis, common subexpression elimination

Operating System - System calls, processes, threads, inter-process communication, concurrency and synchronization, Deadlock, CPU and I/O scheduling, Memory, management and virtual memory, File systems

Databases - ER-model, Relational model: relational algebra, tuple calculus, SQL, Integrity constraints, normal forms, File organization, indexing (e.g., B and B+ trees), Transactions and concurrency control

Computer Networks - Concept of layering: OSI and TCP/IP Protocol Stacks, Basics of the packet, circuit and virtual circuit switching
Datalink layer: framing, error detection, Medium Access Control, Ethernet bridging, Routing protocols: shortest path, flooding, distance vector and link-state routing

Fragmentation and IP addressing, IPv4, CIDR notation, Basics of IP support protocols (ARP, DHCP, ICMP), Network Address Translation (NAT), Transport layer: flow control and congestion control, UDP, TCP, sockets, Application layer protocols: DNS, SMTP, HTTP, FTP, Email

Circuit Theory and Analysis: Node and mesh analysis, superposition, Thevenin's theorem, Norton’s theorem, reciprocity. Sinusoidal steady state analysis: phasors, complex power, maximum power transfer. Time and frequency domain analysis of linear circuits: RL, RC and RLC circuits, solution of network equations using Laplace transform.

Continuous-time Signals: Fourier series and Fourier transform, sampling theorem and applications.

Discrete-time Signals: DTFT, DFT, z-transform, discrete-time processing of continuous-time signals. LTI systems: definition and properties, causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeroes, frequency response, group delay, phase delay

Electronic Devices: Energy bands in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, equilibrium carrier concentration, direct and indirect band-gap semiconductors. Carrier Transport: diffusion current, drift current, mobility and resistivity, generation and recombination of carriers, Poisson and continuity equations. P-N junction, Zener diode, BJT, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, photo diode and solar cell.

Analog Circuits : Diode Circuits: clipping, clamping and rectifiers. BJT and MOSFET Amplifiers: biasing, ac coupling, small signal analysis, frequency response. Current mirrors and differential amplifiers. Opamp Circuits: Amplifiers, summers, differentiators, integrators, active filters, Schmitt triggers and oscillators.

Digital Circuits Number Representations: binary, integer and floating-point- numbers. Combinational circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of functions using Boolean identities and Karnaugh map, logic gates and their static CMOS implementations, arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders. Sequential Circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters, shift-registers, finite state machines, propagation delay, setup and hold time, critical path delay. Data Converters: sample and hold circuits, ADCs and DACs.

Control Systems : Basic control system components; Feedback principle; Transfer function; Block diagram representation; Signal flow graph; Transient and steady-state analysis of LTI systems; Frequency response; Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist stability criteria; Bode and root-locus plots; Lag, lead and laglead compensation; State variable model and solution of state equation of LTI systems.

Analog Communications: Amplitude modulation and demodulation, angle modulation and demodulation, spectra of AM and FM, super heterodyne receivers. Information Theory: entropy, mutual information and channel capacity theorem. Digital Communications: PCM, DPCM, digital modulation schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK, QAM), bandwidth, inter-symbol interference, MAP, ML detection, matched filter receiver, SNR and BER. Fundamentals of error correction, Hamming codes, CRC

Electromagnetics: Maxwell’s Equations: differential and integral forms and their interpretation, boundary conditions, wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane Waves and Properties: reflection and refraction, polarization, phase and group velocity, propagation through various media, skin depth.

Transmission Lines: Equations, characteristic impedance, impedance matching, impedance transformation, S-parameters, Smith chart. Rectangular and circular waveguides, light propagation in optical fibers, dipole and monopole antennas, linear antenna arrays.